Keyboard sound is determined by the interaction of numerous components, each contributing to the overall acoustic profile. The switch stem material (POM, PC, UHMWPE) affects the pitch and clarity of the sound. The switch housing material (Nylon, PC, POM) influences resonance and echo. Keycap profile and thickness (Cherry, SA, MDA) change the frequency response, with taller profiles producing lower pitches. Case material (aluminum, plastic, polycarbonate) determines the fundamental resonance frequency: aluminum cases produce deeper, more solid sounds while plastic cases are livelier and higher-pitched. Foam dampening (case foam, plate foam, PE sheet) progressively reduces echo and high-frequency content.